Healy, Michael
Primary Name: Healy, Michael
Filed as: healy_michael
Also known as: Captain Michael Healy; Capt. Michael A. Healy
Occupation / Association: Captain, U.S. Revenue Cutter Service; Commander, Revenue Cutter Bear
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Associated places: St. Michael, Alaska; Yukon River; Alaska Territory
Keywords: Michael Healy, Captain Michael Healy, Capt Michael Healy, Revenue Cutter Bear captain, U.S. Revenue Cutter Service Alaska, St Michael Alaska, Jack Dalton
Biography
Captain Michael Healy commanded the U.S. Revenue Cutter Bear and was one of the most well-known officers of the Revenue Cutter Service operating in Alaska waters during the late nineteenth century.
During one voyage, Jack Dalton traveled through Forty-Mile and Circle before continuing down the Yukon River to St. Michael where he expected to obtain passage to Seattle aboard the Bear. Captain Healy recognized Dalton from his involvement in an illegal fur-seal operation in the mid-1880s and refused him passage.
Sources
Tags: Michael Healy, Captain Michael Healy, Revenue Cutter Bear, U.S. Revenue Cutter Service, Jack Dalton, Alaska maritime history
Price, F. B.
Frank Leslie Newspaper Expedition
Biography
In 1890, the Frank Leslie Newspaper Expedition was organized to explore the largely unknown region between the Alaska coast and the Yukon interior.
The expedition was led by E. Hazard Wells and included members E. J. Glave, A. B. Schanz, F. B. Price, and Jack Dalton. The group traveled through remote areas of southeastern Alaska and the interior during a period when large portions of the territory remained poorly mapped and documented.
Expeditions such as this contributed to the early geographic knowledge of Alaska and helped bring attention to the region through published accounts in newspapers and magazines of the period.
Sources
- Alaska Mining Hall of Fame
Schanz, A. B.
Primary Name: Wells, E. Hazard
Filed as: Wells, E. Hazard
Also known as: E. Hazard Wells
Occupation / Association: Expedition leader; explorer; Frank Leslie Newspaper Expedition
Associated places: Alaska Coast; Yukon Territory; Interior Alaska
Keywords: Frank Leslie Newspaper Expedition, E Hazard Wells expedition, Jack Dalton explorer, EJ Glave Alaska explorer, Alaska exploration 1890, Alaska Yukon exploration history
Biography
In 1890, the Frank Leslie Newspaper Expedition was organized to explore the largely unknown region between the Alaska coast and the Yukon.
The expedition was led by E. Hazard Wells and included E. J. Glave, A. B. Schanz, F. B. Price, and the well-known Alaska guide and trader Jack Dalton. The expedition sought to document and report on the geography, travel routes, and conditions of the interior region at a time when much of the territory between the coast and the Yukon River remained poorly mapped and largely unknown to outsiders.
Explorations such as the Frank Leslie Newspaper Expedition helped bring wider national attention to Alaska’s interior routes and resources during the years leading up to the Klondike gold rush.
Sources
Alaska Mining Hall of Fame
Glave, E. J.
Primary Name: E. J. Glave
Filed as: e_l_glave
Also known as: E.J. Glave, Glave E.J.
Occupation / Association: Exploration expedition
Born: 1890 (expedition formation)
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Associated places: Alaska Coast; Yukon Territory; Interior Alaska
Keywords: Frank Leslie Newspaper Expedition, Frank Leslie Expedition Alaska, E Hazard Wells expedition, Jack Dalton expedition, Alaska exploration 1890
Biography
The Frank Leslie Newspaper Expedition was organized in 1890 to explore the largely unknown region between the Alaska coast and the Yukon.
The expedition was led by E. Hazard Wells and included E. J. Glave, A. B. Schanz, F. B. Price, and Jack Dalton.
The expedition sought to document and explore the interior routes between the Pacific coast and the Yukon River basin during a period when much of the region remained little known to non-Native explorers.
Sources
Tags: Frank Leslie Newspaper Expedition, E Hazard Wells, E J Glave, A B Schanz, F B Price, Jack Dalton, Alaska exploration history
Wells, E. Hazard
Frank Leslie Newspaper Expedition
In 1890, Jack Dalton joined the Frank Leslie Newspaper Expedition, which was organized to explore the largely unknown region between the Alaska coast and the Yukon interior.
The expedition was led by E. Hazard Wells and included E. J. Glave, A. B. Schanz, F. B. Price, and Jack Dalton.
Sources
- Historical accounts of the Frank Leslie Newspaper Expedition
Bratnober, Henry
Primary Name: Bratnober, Henry
Filed as: bratnober_henry
Also known as: Henry Bratnober
Occupation / Association: Businessman; Mining Investor; Partner, Dalton Trail Company
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Associated places: Alaska; Yukon District; Pyramid Harbor; Forty-Mile District; Circle District
Keywords: Henry Bratnober, Dalton Trail Company partner, Yukon freighting, Alaska mining investor
Biography
Henry Bratnober was a partner in the Dalton Trail Company, organized in 1895 to provide reliable freighting services into the Yukon during the early gold rush period.
Observing the pre-Klondike gold activity in the Circle and Forty-Mile mining districts and the growing need for dependable transportation into the Yukon region, John Malony and Jack Dalton formed a partnership for the Dalton Trail Company. Bratnober joined the venture along with E. B. Hanley and Fred Norvell.
The company operated the Dalton Trail, a packhorse route extending from Pyramid Harbor across the coastal mountains toward the Yukon interior. Prior to the completion of the White Pass & Yukon Railway, the trail served as an important transportation and supply route for miners and prospectors traveling to the interior goldfields.
Sources
Historical accounts of the Dalton Trail Company and Yukon freighting operations
Tags: Henry Bratnober, Dalton Trail Company, Alaska mining investors, Yukon freighting, Klondike Gold Rush logistics, Pyramid Harbor trail
Norvell, Fred
Primary Name: Dalton Trail Company
Filed as: Dalton Trail Company
Also known as: Dalton Trail freighting partnership
Occupation / Association: Yukon freight and transportation company
Associated places: Yukon River region; Dalton Trail; Alaska; Yukon Territory, Canada
Keywords: Dalton Trail Company, Jack Dalton freighting, John Malony Yukon freighting, EB Hanley Yukon trade, Fred Norvell Yukon freighting, Henry Bratnober Alaska mining investors, Dalton Trail history
Biography
The Dalton Trail Company was formed in 1895 to provide reliable freight transportation into the Yukon region during the early years of northern gold exploration.
Observing the growing pre-Klondike mining activity in the Circle and Forty-Mile Districts and the resulting need for dependable supply routes into the interior, John Malony and Jack Dalton organized the partnership. They were joined by investors and associates E. B. Hanley, Fred Norvell, and Henry Bratnober.
The company operated along the route that became known as the Dalton Trail, a major overland route used by miners, prospectors, and freight outfits traveling between the coast and the Yukon interior before and during the Klondike gold rush.
Through their freight operations, the Dalton Trail Company played an early role in developing transportation infrastructure supporting the mining districts of Alaska and the Yukon.
Sources
Alaska Mining Hall of Fame
Hanley, E. B.
Primary Name: Dalton Trail Company
Filed as: dalton_trail_company
Also known as: Dalton Trail freighting partnership
Occupation / Association: Freighting company serving Yukon mining districts
Born: 1895 (formation)
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Associated places: Circle District, Alaska; Forty-Mile District, Yukon; Dalton Trail; Yukon River region
Keywords: Dalton Trail Company, Dalton Trail freighting, John Malony, Jack Dalton, E B Hanley, Fred Norvell, Henry Bratnober, Yukon freighting companies
Biography
Observing the pre-Klondike gold activity in the Circle and Forty-Mile Districts and the resulting need for reliable freighting in the Yukon region, John Malony and Jack Dalton organized a partnership in 1895 to operate the Dalton Trail Company.
The company was formed with additional partners E. B. Hanley, Fred Norvell, and Henry Bratnober. The enterprise provided freighting services along the Dalton Trail and into the Yukon mining districts, supporting prospectors and miners working in the region before the Klondike gold rush.
Sources
Tags: Dalton Trail Company, John Malony, Jack Dalton, E B Hanley, Fred Norvell, Henry Bratnober, Yukon freighting companies
White, Josie
Alice Josephine “Josie” Keys White was a Charter Member of Juneau Igloo No. 6.
She was born July 7, 1872, in Goldendale, Washington. Her parents were Calvin S. Keys and Jane Freelove Peck Keys.
She married Elmer J. “Stroller” White on December 30, 1891, in Tacoma, Washington. They had two sons, John McBurney White and Albert Hamilton White, and one daughter, Lenora White.
She came to Alaska with her husband, a well-known pioneer Alaska journalist.
The Whites arrived in Skagway when the town was still a tent city of gold-rush stampeders. Mr. White took a job with the Skagway News, a weekly newspaper, and the family remained in Skagway until the autumn of 1899.
They then traveled over the newly completed White Pass Railroad to Lake Bennett. Although they did not have the $500 required to cross the Canadian border, a barge owner told the Canadian officials that Mr. White was working as a cook on the barge. They boarded the barge in October, late in the season, and floated down the Yukon River toward Dawson. They came within fifteen miles of Dawson before the river froze.
“We went to Dawson for the mad excitement of it,” Mrs. White later recalled. “We didn’t know what we would do, but Mr. White got a job with the Dawson Nugget right away.”
The family remained in Dawson until 1905, when they moved to Whitehorse. Mr. White purchased the Whitehorse Star, and the family remained there until 1916. Their son, Albert H. White, was born in Whitehorse on August 7, 1907.
In 1916, they moved to Douglas, Alaska, where Mr. White purchased the Douglas Island News. “Douglas was the big town then,” she recalled. “The Treadwell Mine was going full swing.”
The Whites completed construction of a new newspaper plant in time for the Treadwell mine cave-in of 1917. The new plant included a cast-off press from the Juneau Empire. The press was moved back to Juneau from Douglas in 1920 when Stroller’s Weekly was established.
“I didn’t work much on the paper,” Mrs. White said. “I had two children to bring up and a little grouse-shooting to do. But when Stroller was sick, I would take over.”
Mrs. White was employed as assistant curator of the Territorial Museum in 1925 by the Rev. A. P. Kashevaroff, who had established the museum in 1920.
Her husband died in 1930. “I was the one who always talked about getting out of Alaska,” she later said.
She retired in 1950 and moved to Los Angeles, California, to live with her daughter. She died there on May 26, 1956.
Sources
1920 U.S. Federal Census, Juneau
Biographies of Alaska-Yukon Pioneers 1850-1950, Ed Ferrell, Vol. 2, pp. 344-345; Vol. 1, p. 337
Washington Marriage License
California Death Index
McKinnon Apartments
The MacKinnon Apartments is a historic apartment building at 236 Third Street. The building is a three-story wood-frame structure, finished in stucco with corner quoining and a dentillated cornice.
The MacKinnon Apartments provided modern housing in Alaska's capital and largest city, and is representative of the size and scale of the buildings constructed during the boom that occurred in Juneau during the 1920s.
When it opened in 1925, it was 80 feet (24 m) long and housed six single-bedroom and 12 studio apartments. In 1959, 20 feet (6.1 m) allowed five more studio units to be added. The building is representative of Juneau's boom years in the period between World Wars I and II, 1921 to 1939, which been defined as Juneau's Peak Gold Mining Era.
During that period, the town was the center for the territorial government, for the Alaska-Juneau Gold Mining Company's huge hard rock operations, for salmon and halibut commercial fishermen, and for supplying southeast Alaska.
Following placer gold discoveries in Silver Bow Basin in 1880, prospectors and businessmen established the town of Juneau. Within a decade, companies organized to mine the hard rock gold deposits in the area. Between 1880 and 1944, the three major mining companies in the Juneau area produced $158 million in gold. The Alaska Juneau Gold Mining Company was the largest low grade ore gold producer in the world from 1910 to 1944.
Juneau quickly grew to be the largest community in southeast Alaska. In 1920, with a population of 3,058, it was the largest city in Alaska. The federal government designated Juneau the capital for the District of Alaska in 1900, although the move from Sitka was not made until 1906, and in 1912 designated it the capital for the Territory of Alaska.
After a cold storage plant opened in 1913, Juneau became the home port for a number of fishermen. The timber industry flourished with the building of a sawmill around 1910. Juneau became the regional trading center for communities in southeast Alaska. Steamships arrived and departed regularly.
In the summer months, steamships brought visitors to town. World War I created shortages of skilled labor to work in the mines and materials needed for mine operations. Production slowed. After the war, with new capital and improvements in technology, the Alaska-Juneau Gold Mining Company was profitable and expanding operations. As a result, the town prospered. Juneau business people invested in new, more substantial buildings. One of the new buildings was the three story MacKinnon Apartments.
Lauchlin "Lockie" MacKinnon, an immigrant from Nova Scotia, constructed the apartment building. He came to Alaska in 1886, MacKinnon drifted around mining camps in Alaska and the Yukon, working as a miner and businessman. For a few years in the 1890s he mined at Porcupine north of Haines. In 1893, he crossed the Chilkoot Trail to seek gold in the Fortymile.
Back in Juneau, in 1895 and 1896 he and George Miller, his partner at Porcupine, built and operated the Circle City Hotel on Third Street. The hotel had eighty rooms, a bar and dining room.
He married Martha Maline Lokke, who came to work at the hotel, in April 1896. The family continued to move around the north, spending several years at Atlin, B.C. and in the Fairbanks area, before settling in Juneau around 1911. Back in Juneau, MacKinnon managed the Zynda Hotel, later known as the Juneau Hotel, on Main Street.
In the 1920s, MacKinnon sensed that apartments were replacing boarding houses and hotels, and built the MacKinnon Apartments. He and his wife lived in an apartment in the building until their deaths in the late 1940s.
The MacKinnon Investment Company prospectus appeared August 17, 1925, seeking investors in a three-story frame apartment house to be located at the corner of Third and Franklin Streets.
An article in Stroller's Weekly, a local newspaper, dated October 10, 1925, noted that the new MacKinnon Apartments offered numerous modern conveniences. In particular, the article said the builder wired each apartment for electricity.
After his second term as territorial governor ended in 1933, George Parks lived in the MacKinnon Apartments for three years. The building has been continuously used as an apartment house since construction.
Sons J. Simpson MacKinnon and Donald L. MacKinnon operated the apartment house after their parents' deaths. In 1959, perhaps anticipating the increased need for housing in the new state's capital, they added five studio units to the back of the building. Other than this addition, the building has not been significantly changed since its construction.
The apartment building is located two blocks outside of the Juneau Downtown Historic District, which were listed in the National Register of Historic Places in 1994. The McKinnon Apartments were listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2000.